Everyman-a Medieval Play Review - 2976 Words

A Review of â€Å"The Summoning of Everyman† Summary Everyman is a play which was written to express the importance of morality, to whoever read it or experienced it being performed on stage. Some scholars say that it was written sometime in the late 1400’s, while others insist that it is a translation of a Flemish work called â€Å"Elckerlijc†, which was written by Peter van Diest in 1495. Everyman is an allegory play which is heavily based upon Christian religious perspectives; also it is resoundingly similar to the Christian belief of the resurrection of Christ, and his ascension into Heaven, after the crucifixion. The first act of Everyman, opens with a prologue which takes on the form of a†¦show more content†¦This play has received a moderate amount of popularity over the past near 500 years; and now today there are some scholars and researchers whom are exceptionally critical, both positively and negatively, of the details as to how it was written. One criticism of note would have to be one which was voiced by Thomas F van Laan. In referring to the general premise of Everyman, he contends of the writer that â€Å"His speech is essentially negative; he focuses solely on the inevitability of death and the destructiveness of sin†. Simply put, Mr. van Laan is stating that at first, the sole purpose of this work appears to emphasize specifically on death and how mankind should feel only sorrow for anything that they do, which goes against the teachings of Christianity. Another criticism of this work which Mr. van Laan refers to is the point in the beginning when God first speaks. Mr. Van Laan states: â€Å"Gods words are wholly negative in force, implying only the difficulty to come, omitting any indication of hope for mankind†. Mr. van Laan is voicing this criticism on the opening section of the play, fundamentally about how he considers Gods words to be too negative in their approach. In expressing this condemnation, Mr. van Laan is adamant about his beliefs that God would probably not be so disconcerting in his approach to dealing with mankind. However not all that Mr. vanShow MoreRelatedEvery man1649 Words   |  7 Pages Everyman faces Death James M. Burnett Liberty University Outline Thesis Statement: Everyman is a play that is deeply tied to the human condition. The author had a perception death and a direction of death that they wanted to share with the world. I aim to show and reveal the authors intention so that we may better understand death more. I. Intro II. Understanding the Author’s perception of death a. The time period that everyman was writtenRead MoreLife and Death Themes in the Sandbox and Everyman2715 Words   |  11 PagesLife and Death Themes in The Sandbox and Everyman COURSE # ENGL-102_D22_200940 COURSE TITLE: English 102 SEMESTER OF ENROLLMENT: D Fall 2009 NAME Glen MacDonald Glen MacDonald Professor Smith English 102 December 5, 2009 Research Paper – Life and Death Themes in The Sandbox and Everyman This paper explores the perception and treatment of death at points in history some 500 years apart by using two dramatic plays as a portal into their respective time periodsRead MoreEveryman and the Bible: Exploring Good Deeds, Faith, and Salvation2306 Words   |  10 PagesEnglish play Everyman about humans and their obsession with material items, riches, and wealth. Men and women, he feels, have taken for granted their blessings. God wants to reprimand Everyman for his sinful life and sends Death to summon him. At the beginning of the allegorical work where figures and actions symbolize general truths, a messenger shares God’s concerns. The messenger tells the audience to watch and listen closely to the morality play so they can learn a lesson about life. Everyman fearsRead MoreEssay on Dbq Mini Q Renaissance Hq Student Fi2066 Words   |  9 Pages Over the course of about 300 years , the Renaissance spread from its home base in Italy to western and northern Europe. The effect was like a sunrise making its way across the land. To understand the changes the Renaissance produced, it helps to review what European society was like before it arrived. The time period before the Renaissance is usually called the Middle Ages , which stretched from the fall of the Roman Empire around 500 CE to about 1350. During the Middle Ages, the Roman Catho ­ lic

Sigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay - 980 Words

At the start psychology was not a science; it was ‘made up’. In pre-historic age it was believed any behaviour that swayed from ‘the norm’ was due to demonic spirits possessing the brain. Advances in treatments and medicine, allow us to recognise how barbarous this belief was. The progress of these advances was clear by the opening of the first experimental laboratory in 1879 by Wilhelm Wundt. Wundt’s establishment of psychology as an academic discipline exaggerated how obsolete the previous way of thinking was. His book defined the view that all mental experience can be understood as a combination of simple elements or events. These improvements have modernised into a simple definition – Psychology is the scientific study of the mind and behaviour. In psychology four different schools of thought have developed to explore multiple thought based on the mind and behaviour; Psychoanalytic, Behaviourist, Cognitive and Biological. In 1896 Sigmund Freud (1865-1939) founded the psychoanalytic approach. Freud encountered patients suffering from a disease without apparent cause. He was the first to propose that psychological factors were responsible. Freud’s approach focuses on the unconscious mind with conflict. Freud published his psychoanalytic theory of personality in 1900, and also developed a form of psychotherapy called psychoanalysis (Gross, 2015, p2). One key feature of Freud’s theory was the development of personality. The first stage of personality is the ‘ID’; this isShow MoreRelatedSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1222 Words   |  5 Pagesof Europe, an Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis named Sigmund Freud constructed an original approach to the understanding of human psychology. Prior to the founding of psychoanalysis, mental illness was thought to come from some kind of deterioration or disease rooted in the brain. The certitude that physical diseases of the brain induced mental illness signified that psychological origins were disregarded. Freud insisted on studying the topic hoping to change the way society thoughtRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1283 Words   |  6 PagesSigmund Freud (1856-1939), is a pioneer in the field of psychology in various ways. His dedication to his field helped shape the minds of many nineteen-century contemporary schools of thought. Most notably, Freud’s work in psychoanalytic theory, according to Tan (2011) earned him the title of, â€Å"father of psychoanalysis† (p. 322). Moreover, Tan Taykeyesu (2011) report that Freud’s genius is not just in psychoanalysis, but also when we â€Å"think Oedipus complex, infantile sexuality, and repression†Read MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology942 Words   |  4 PagesSigmund Freud continues to be the subject of conversation in the field of psychology. The conversations seem to lead to Freud versus another imperative person in the field, such as B.F. Skinner. According to Overskeid (2007) most research articles focus on the difference between the two. Here the author takes a different approach, looks at similarities within the psychanalysis dynamics. The two agreed upon human predicament that people are controlled by forces which they are not conscious (OverskeidRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1233 Words   |  5 Pages Sigmund Freud is the idealist that concepted the idea of verbal psychotherapy, Freudian Psychology. His theories of psychoanalysis are based upon understand the unconscious mind. His ideals portray that there are three key components that are responsible for a human beings personality. These compon ents include id, ego and superego. Freud s major contributions to todays society and study of psychology are his theories on the unconscious mind, dreams, libido, infantile sexuality, repression and transferenceRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1299 Words   |  6 Pagesand touch known as the â€Å"mesmeric pass† (Kirsch et.al., 1995). Psychoanalysis was introduced by Sigmund Freud. Freud conceptualized the mind, metaphorically, as an ancient, buried ruin which had to been unearthed much like an archeologist would unearth the treasures of an ancient civilization. Freud s influence can be traced from his hard core natural science background as a student of neurology. Freud s version of psychoanalysis had its predecessor in the work with hysterics conducted by neurologistsRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay967 Words   |  4 PagesPsychoanalysis is an approach to psychology that was made well known as a way to bring for the unconscious to the conscious. It is theorized that the memories that we store in our unconscious affects us, and can cause neurotic behaviors. The approaches also include Analytical, Individual. Three people that worked on these theories are Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Alfred Adler. Each of these men approached psychoanalysis in both similar and individual ways, and have thei r own theories that will be furtherRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology And Psychology1073 Words   |  5 PagesLuwanna Perry Theories Counseling 06/27/2014 Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud is considered to be the most important figures in the field of psychiatry and psychology. His ideas about psychoanalysis were developed in the 1800’s but are still being used today in the mental health field (www.studymode.com). Sigmund Freud was one of the pioneers/innovator of modern-day psychology. â€Å"As the originator of psychoanalysis, Freud distinguished himself as anRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology1568 Words   |  7 Pages Freud Sigmund Yifan Wang Current issues in history Vanier College 2014-11-11 Freud Sigmund In the 19th century, people progressed toward a new era of scientific revolution with new inventions and technologies. Doctors find treatment to heal cancer and people lives longer than before. On the other hand, Freud Sigmund the Jewish psychiatrist offered a new cure to mental illness that individual suffers from (The European Graduate School, 2012). Although he may have the most of influenceRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Psychology Essay1215 Words   |  5 PagesSigmund Freud, originally a neurologist, is a well-known psychologist that developed the field of psychoanalytic psychology. Although he died in 1939 his theories and practices live on and many psychologists will still consult Freud’s ideas when faced with specific cases. Freud was a firm believer in the notion that sex and aggression is the root of motivation for all human behavior and many people agree with him, but one of his former collogues, Alfred Adler, would come to disagree with this ideaRead MoreSigm und Freud s Theory Of Psychology1939 Words   |  8 Pagesdevelopments in psychology that support the where our development into each stage come from. For starters there’s Sigmund Freud, a main contributor to psychology (neurologist), that believed there is a specific order in the stages of development. His stages are called Psychosexual Stages of Development. The Five stages include Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, and Genital. (As seen in Figure 1) These developments are more on the physical side to growing into puberty and so on. Freuds ideas are the first

Twelve men Free Essays

Try and link views and values to the themes in the text where you can! Identifying views and values 1 . Identify three core views that you believe are expressed throughout ‘Twelve Angry Men’ 2. Write three sentences about these views using the sample below as a model Egg: Rose’s play challenges the audience to examine their own prejudice, exposing the dangers of prejudging, particularly in the court room. We will write a custom essay sample on Twelve men or any similar topic only for you Order Now 3. What does Rose value / condemn? Identify three qualities/concepts/ideas that you believe Reginald Rose endorses, challenges or leaves unquestioned in ‘Twelve Angry Men’. Justify your response. 2. Setting: Rose’s play is all acted on the same set: Analyses the imagery created by the stage directions at the beginning of the play (Para) Analyses the scenes that take place in the washroom. What is the purpose of this separate section of the stage? In what way(s) does it enable Rose to develop his characters (for example, what is revealed about their motives, attitudes and values etc) as well as our perceptions and responses to them? How does Rose use the New York skyline to reflect his views on the indifference humans can have to serious situations? (p. -4) What is the effect of the way that Rose confines the action of the play to the Jury room? How does it enable Rose to develop dramatic tensions throughout the play? 3. Characters: 1 . Provide character details for each of the twelve Jurors. You can choose to present your details in a comprehensive paragraph on each character, a character map or a chart. You should include: any biographical information: experiences such as: occupation, where they live / grew up the character’s personality and role(s) in the play: how they feel about the task, their reasons for feeling the boy is guilty (or innocent); their relationships, attitudes and values 3 – 5 relevant quotations for each character 2. Create a table detailing each Juror’s views on the guilt of the defendant. Chart how / why these change over the course of the play: Juror When swayed How swayed Evidence (look at stage directions in particular) 3. Now, discuss Rose’s view of each character. Is he sympathetic or unsympathetic? Admiring or critical? Affectionate or hostile? How do you know? Explain using quotes. Characterization: Characters views and values can be revealed through: Authorial comments e. G. Hat Rose reveals in the stage directions What the character says themselves How the character speaks – think specifically about the language the character uses and the tone they use What others say or think about them What the character does How their personalities and attitudes are revealed in their relationships How the characters attitudes and beliefs are challenged by others 1 . Choose three key moments in the text where Rose’s portrayal of the character reveals something about their or his own views and values. Outline this. 2. Find 5 stage directions relating to your character and explain their relevance – choose stage erections that reveal varied aspects of the character (egg: growth over time) 3. Create a word bank for this character 4. Write a succinct paragraph on how views and values are aligned with characters in the text. Remember to begin with a clear contention, provide explanation (about how the views and values are presented) and support with evidence from the text. (see example below to help get you started) For example: Rose depicts the Juror as a forceful and extremely opinionated man within whom can be detected a streak of sadism. He is hammerless and intolerant, and indeed, his lack of compassion is strongly contrasted to the humanity ND sense of moral obligation we find in Juror . This reflects Rose’s criticism of 4. Themes Complete a 200 word analysis of each of the themes below for the text as whole. Ensure you utilizes the TEE structure in your analysis: Topic: Introduce the theme and discuss the development of it throughout the text Explain and Explore: Give one or more strong examples from the text to discuss the overall theme e. G. Key events, reflections from Rose etc Evidence: Finally, use quotes throughout your analysis to strengthen your discussion. Racial prejudice justice and the Jury rationality and subjectivity ere pressure: the power of conformity civic duty(qualities such as honor, compassion, empathy†¦ ND the flip side of this: insensitivity, ignorance †¦ ) 5. Structure and language 1. Rose said: No one anywhere ever knows what goes on inside a Jury room but the Jurors, and I thought then that a play taking place entirely within a Jury room might be an exciting and possible moving experience for an audience. Discuss in detail the choices Rose makes to engage the audience in the drama of his play; to encourage them to reflect on their own prejudices as wel l as using the court mom to present his views on the importance of integrity and active citizenship. . Plot the tensions’ of the drama. What are the turning points? Where do they occur? Why? 3. Choose 2 Jurors and study the language patterns and choices. How do they speak to others? What tone(s) do they use? Are their word choices negatively or positively contacted? How does use Rose use their language to influence our reactions to them? Use examples to support your discussions. 4. Make a list of 10 stage directions, presented in sequential order, that show what is happening in terms of the physical action of the play. Explain their significance. 5. Make a list of 10 stage directions, presented in sequential order, that show what is happening in terms of the emotional states of the characters in the play. You could choose 1 character or various characters. If you choose one character, do not choose the character that you worked on in the group task. Explain their significance. 6. One of the key skills of this outcome is the ability to analyses the ways in which textual meaning is created. This means being able to identify narrative devices used by authors and the way structural and language elements contribute to a readers understanding of the key textual concerns. Some of the devices include: Narrative viewpoint Imagery (similes, metaphors, personification etc) Symbolism / Motif Tone / Mood – consider here Rose’s use of the storm, interactions / tension between characters Setting Colloquial Language Writers use these devices to shape our perceptions of and attitudes towards characters and textual ideas / themes. Find 10 literary devices Rose utilizes throughout the text and explain their meaning. Language / Literary Device (for example, symbol, imagery – simile / metaphor, use of setting etc. Textual Example (Quote) Meaning Created (for egg, how do we perceive character, what does it add to our understanding of theme, social context etc. ) 6. Differing interpretations 1 . For each of the following statements, find examples from the text that challenge or endorse the ideas presented – discuss why you chose them â€Å"[Twelve Angry Men] points up the fact, which too many of us have not taken seriously, of what it means to serve on a Jury when a man’s life is at stake. † â€Å"Numbered but not named, [the Jurors] comprise a cross section of American society†¦ Eire value for Rose is as social representatives rather than as individuals. † â€Å"What is uplifting is that Rose’s narrative shows the ugliness of racial prejudice, and then rational men turning their backs on this ugliness. The racist views do not hold sway for long. † Using the themes in the text, develop interpretative statements about the text that link two or more o f these ideas in one sentence. For example: Throughout his play, Rose critiques the oppressive and discriminative environment of McCarthy America, exploring the way some Jurors use the power of their rationality to attempt to sway others to share their point of view. Indeed, the 8th juror is aware of the effects and dangers of peer pressure and this is illustrated through his request to have the second (and possibly the most important vote) taken as an anonymous ballot (p. 18) At various moments in the play, the 10th, 3rd and 7th jurors do try to sway the vote to ‘guilty through the use of intimidation rather than argument. What can be interpreted is another clear message conveyed by Rose through his play is that this type of intimidation will ultimately be unsuccessful. Logic and reason do win out over endemic prejudice, but what the play also illustrates is that for this to occur, there must be voices who are prepared to hold true to their convictions. This is clearly portrayed through the contrast between the â€Å"[interrupting]† and â€Å"[shouting]† of Jurors 10 and 3 and the â€Å"[calm]† and reflective â€Å"[pauses]† of Juror 8. 2. What â€Å"truths† are revealed throughout the play? 3. Identify one character in the text that you are sympathetic towards and one you are critical of. Explain your reactions using evidence from the text. How to cite Twelve men, Papers

Fantasy Rock Business Report Essay Example For Students

Fantasy Rock Business Report Essay EXECUTIVE SUMMARYFantasy ROCK will be a small business that provides entertainment and leisure activities. We will sell a variety of foods and beverages. Our menu will contain many dishes. A large appetizer section, Steaks, Chicken, sandwiches, hamburgers, soups and salads will be our specialty. We will sell several types of beer on tap and in bottles. A few micro brews such as Fat Tire Ale, and Honey Brown larger will be kept on tap, as well as the cheaper larger brands such as Budweiser and Coors. Several large screen TV’s will be placed through out the cafe’. They will be playing an assortment of things. Our main TV’s will be playing rock videos that go along to the music we are playing. Others will provide sports coverage of big games going on. The intent of the big screens is so that as our customer sits we allow giving them something to look at. We want to provide them with entertainment. Rock music has an effect to energize and lift a person’s spiri ts. We want customers to enjoy themselves. A sound system will be installed to heighten our music listening. Fantasy ROCK wants to provide high quality sound yet minimizes costs. Purchasing a surround sound system by Bose speakers systems can do this. Fantasy ROCK has great potential to expand. Our biggest competitor is Hard Rock Caf?. How we plan to differentiate ourselves is we want to provide a more of a local business atmosphere. We want our employees to get to know our customers and welcome them by name as they walk in. The market in which we are entering is wide open. All restaurants are competition to us yet because of our atmosphere in providing entertainment and leisure we become unique. Currently Fantasy ROCK has no expansion plans. As profits come in and our business base grows future planning will be done. MISSION STATEMENTFantasy ROCK strives to be the premier rock music restaurant in Phoenix. Our goal is to be a step ahead of the competition. We want our customers to have more fun during their leisure time. We provide more television with ROCK videos and sports coverage than anywhere else in the Phoenix area. We provide a state-of-the-art Bose sounds system to deliver the highest quality sounds possible. We Combine menu selection, atmosphere, ambiance, and service to create a sense of â€Å"place† in order to reach our goal of over-all value in dining and the entertainment experience. OBJECTIVESFantasy ROCK has the objective of staying as a single store until sufficient funds have been created to open another store. The placement of the store is vital to becoming a success. The layout of the restaurant must be very pleasing to the eye and allows a sense of openness and visual ability to view several TV screens. The management of Fantasy ROCK will demonstrated its concepts, execution, marketability, and controls, and feels confident of it’s ability to replicate the restaurant once we choose to open a new store. The following objectives have been established:Have a single store operational by the year 2000 with a sequential time-line. Maintain high control of costs and operations be hiring quality management that will utilize computer records and data tracking. Keep food cost less than 32% of revenue. Keep beverage cost under 21% of revenue. Select only a location that meets all the parameters of success. Grow our single location to the $3 to $5 million annual sales level. Keep labor costs under 23% of revenue. KEYS TO SUCCESSThe keys to success in achieving our goals are:Product quality. Not just great tasting food but great service. Managing finances to enable better advertisement and growth of our customer base. Controlling costs at all times without exception. Instituting management controls to insure replicability of operations once we decide to expand. This applies to product control and to financial control. COMPANY SUMMARYRock and sports based themes—The Company will focus on themes that have mass appeal. This will include song selection, and sports game coverage. Many polls and surveys will be taken to gain a good basis of what music people want to hear. A simple comment card on every table will allow customers to place in song titles they want to hear during their stay. Distinctive design features—All locations will be characterized by spectacular visual design and layout. Each store will display a collection of sports and rock memorabilia. This may include guitars, sports figures, record albums, and billboard music listings, anything that appeals to the masses. High profile location—It is our main goal to pick and maintain a high profile location in the area of Phoenix. The location must contain key demographics, including traffic counts, average income to upper class income, and number of household, hotels, and offices within a 3-mile radius. We want to create a well-centered location that will allow us to gain a very large customer base. Celebrity events—Fantasy ROCK will be distinguished by promotional activities such as sports events, and music events on local stations. Low costs are always needed in promotion costs and local marketing is a key. ASU, businesses, homes, and parking lots will be area of distributing of flyers and promotion material. Retail merchandising—Each store will include an integrated retail store offering premium quality merchandise displaying the company’s logo design. In addition sports and rock music memorabilia will be sold. Quality food—Fantasy ROCK will serve freshly prepared, high quality popular cuisine that is targeted to appeal to a variety of tastes and budgets with an emphasis on reasonably and moderately priced signature items particular appeal to the local market. Quality service—In order to maintain our unique image we want to have extensive training programs and hiring techniques in order to provide our customers with the best service possible. Management will be constantly helping our staff with new techniques and watching to control old ones to make sure each time a customer walks in they feel at home, welcomed, and liberated from any outsides stresses. We want to provide a place of leisure and entertainment. COMPANY OWNERSHIPFantasy ROCK will be a Sub Chapter S-corporation. Two owners will hold 50% ownership each in the company. This will allow a limited liability for investors. There is a great continuity in a corporation. This will allow the life of our business to continue and grow. Lenders will be more willing to lend money to a corporation due to the continuity and legal protections. In a S- corporation all earnings go straight to the owners, this allows the money to be only taxed once producing higher profits to investors. Due to high legal content in a corporation a full time lawyer will be paid to help with these matters. Fantasy ROCK will be a company that can continue way into the future and has high potential for producing a profit. Fantasy ROCK’S goal to make a high quality product along with high quality service will allow it to expand and grow. Fantasy ROCK is all about our customers and put them first. Star Wars : A New Hope EssayThe two million dollar sales volume represents somewhat less than 50% of the revenue potential of the location. All sales forecasts and projections have the first year as their basis. The numbers were gained through a quantitative method of looking at sales of similar restaurants. Hard Rock Cafe, Chilies, and Five Star Sports Bar are the main companies looked at for sales projections. Sales 2000 2001 2002Food $1,026,242 $2,411,500 $4,497,000Drinks $998,276 $2,238,500 $4,203,000Retail $8,126 $9,045 $9,589TOTAL SALES $2,032,644 $4,659,045 $8,709,589Direct Cost of Sales 2000 2001 2002Food $329,013 $1,449,910 $2,548,980Drinks $219,561 $932,470 $1,584,660Retail $9,064 $9,064 $9,064TOTAL COST $557,638 $2,391,444 $4,142,704MANAGEMENT SUMMARYAn operational manager will need to be hired. They will have to have much experience and very qualified. Local job placement programs and such can be scanned for such a person. Other key personnel are the management of each organizational break down. These include finances and marketing. Michael McKee will lead the finances and Neal Schroeder will lead the marketing department. There is not expected to be any shortage of qualified and available staff and management from local labor pools in each market area. Organizational ChartORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTUREThe organizational structure of Fantasy ROCK is a great system to keep quality control and a uniform structure once Fantasy ROCK decides to expand. Each store is broken up into three main departments. An operations department, which will be lead by our hired manager, a financial department led by Michael McKee, and a marketing department lead by Neal Schroeder. Operations will include all the in-store activities. The manager will be required to keep quality control at its best. He/She will be in direct contact with all employees and in charge of their proper training so they can help with any problem. He/She will make sure costs are kept low and food is not being stolen or wasted. Finances will include all the balancing of accounts, payment of bills and salaries; he will also be in charge of taxation and loan financing. In order for money to be approved to be used for certain items it must go through Michael McKee. He will be in charge of looking where the money is going and where it needs to be controlled. He will work with the operations manager to gain back control of problem areas. He will watch and make sure all our sales percentages and labor costs are not rising above our pre-set quality controls. Money management is very important to our business. If we can control our money flow, then we can then bring in a greater profit and know where to place the profits to improve the company. The marketing department lead by Neal Schroeder will include all the sales promotions. He will work one-on-one with the financial manager to see what profits and what money we have free to use on marketing. It will be his job to use the money in the best possible manor. We w ant to have the best marketing strategy for the money we have set aside for promotions. The marketing manager can also work with the operations manager to see what items are not selling and what items need a promotion in order to get them moved out of the store. LABOR COSTSSalariesOur salaries will be mostly low income when our business first opens, but will have definite potential for increase. As in most food services, tips will play a major factor in our employee’s income. The head cook/waiters will earn the most (below the management staff), do to their responsibilities of training new employees, and overseeing others, while they attend to their own responsibilities. Most of our jobs, with the exception of trainers and cooks, will require little or no previous experience. Initially, our company will make enough money to pay low salaries, but once we have covered our start up costs, higher pay, and more benefits will be offered. Waiter/Waitress $3.00+/hr + tips 16k-20k/yrBartender $8.75+/hr 20k-24k/yrHost/Hostess $6.25+/hr 18k-22k/yrTrainer/Head $12.25+/hr 32k-36k/hrCook $9.75/hr 30k-34k/yrOperations MGR TBD 36k-38k/yrBenefitsThe only benefit currently planned would be an overtime pay increase. Other possible benefits in the future might include bonuses, paid vacations, and possible profit sharing. HolidaysWe will be open on most holidays, especially those when our business can generate more profit (i.e. Labor Day, New Year’s Day). On such days however, we may have limited hours, and our employees will be notified well in advance, so that any schedule changes can be made. We may also have to offer increased pay at such times as Christmas and New Year’s. Realistic Cash Flow for Fantasy ROCKOptimistic Cash Flow for Fantasy ROCKPessimistic Cash Flow for Fantasy ROCKBILL OF MATERIALSFood Item Quantity CostLettuce Four 5lb heads $6.89Hamburger 20lbs $23.45Ham 20lbs $25.68Turkey 20lbs $31.98Roast Beef 20lbs $28.78Ground Beef 20lbs $22.66Sausage 15lbs $38.98Hot dogs 144 packages $12.89Tomatoes 48 per box $26.89Pickles 5 gallon drum $4.50Onions Large Box 810 $8.90Green Peppers Large Box 810 $8.67Spices 2 lbs $3.98Marinara Six 1 gallon containers $18.76Soups 3 soups $40.89Tortilla chips Large bag (approx 1,500 chips) $12.45Ketchup 48 36 oz squeezers $17.89Mustard 48 12oz jars $32.56Steak Sauce 36 36oz bottles $23.89Guacamole 10lbs $35.86Beans 50lbs drum $12.87Olives 10 gallons $13.76Flour Tortillas 176 approx. $5.68Eggs Six dozen $13.45Ice cream 20lbs $20.76Pie filling 16 12 oz cans $27.99Pie Crust 144 crusts $32.45Hamburger buns 144 buns $32.87Hot dog buns 144 buns $32.98Pizza dough 40-50lbs dough $22.99Coca-cola 8 gallon box $12.45Dr. Pepp er 8 gallon box $12.45Sprite 8 gallon box $12.45Iced tea 8 gallon box $12.45Mug Root beer 8 gallon box $12.45Malt 4 lb box powder $8.65Chocolate syrup 2 gallons $3.65Cheddar Cheese 80lbs $56.98Mozzarella Cheese 80lbs $58.90Parmesan Cheese 20lbs $28.67Dressings 5,000 assorted $22.45Fresh Bread 6 loaves $3.75Macaroni Salad 2 gallons $27.65Potato Salad 2 gallons $12.87Pepperioncinis 5 gallon drum $25.67Salami 20lbs $22.98Pepperoni 20lbs $19.87Garlic 1 lbs $2.89Butter Large tub $5.67Computers Essays

McDonalds Financial analysis free essay sample

Liability?Business Strategy Analysis: McDonald’s Corporation is the world’s largest fast-food chain in the restaurant industry, serving on average 69 million customers a day. Their stores are corporate or franchised owned, with franchising being highly beneficial to their success by producing 32% of their total revenue1. McDonald’s is in a highly competitive industry with market saturation because of low barriers to enter. The industry competes on price, quality, and service. McDonald’s faces competition with full-service restaurants and fast-food restaurants in the area. Their main competitors are Burger King, YUM! Brands, and Wendy’s International. The industry has faced scrutiny on the quality of their products because of a more health concise society. McDonald’s strategy for success is based off of cost efficiency, product development, and marketing and promotions. These factors help form the strong brand that McDonald’s is today. Since their establishment with Ray Kroc, they have focused on driving their success from the 3-legged stool principal representing: McDonald’s employees, the owner/operators, and their suppliers2. We will write a custom essay sample on McDonalds Financial analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The stool needs all three to have a good balance in order to function, without either one of the legs success cannot be achieved. All three of them work together to create new products, to reduce costs, and to achieve outstanding customer service. There is commitment in helping all three legs of the stool to succeed. The suppliers play a key role by providing high quality products and forming trusted relationships with them. The franchiser represents McDonald’s by being in control of own operations. They are highly beneficial because they allow McDonald’s to grow at a much faster rater and in new markets to create a global brand. Also, economies of scale can be obtained by offering their products at a lower cost since it is a large scale. McDonald’s has implemented Plan to Win, which features five elements: People, Products, Place, Price, and Promotion, focused on the customer3. The five P’s actions make up McDonald’s brand and provide a framework for prioritizing goals. For People, they looked to their customers and understood patterns have changed with more snacking and drive-thru, thus they responded with products like Snack wraps, and a reconfigured drive-thru. The restaurants were renovated or rebuilt, also price and promotion through the dollar menu4. The Plan to Win is made of three pillars, menu innovation, store renovation, and an upgrade of the ordering experience, which help McDonald’s remain sustainable with their profits. McDonald’s responds to customer’s demands by changing their product line accordingly. When first founded in 1955, they focused on the quality of their products with a limited menu of burgers, fires, and beverages. McDonald’s has shifted this strategy by broadening their product portfolio, with the adaptation of salads and chicken5. Additionally, to compete with Starbucks and local coffee shops, they have launched McCafe, which features high quality coffee drinks. As well as, invest in their current stores of operations to make a more relaxed environment. They need to maintain a modern environment and stay relevant with food trends. The last pillar is to upgrade the ordering experience, which can be accomplished through technological advances with the drive thru and front counter. They can sustain profitable by following the three-legged stool idea, with all three forces working together and implementing the Plan to Win. As long as, McDonald’s continues to follow their successful strategy of a Plan to Win and the three legged stool their return on equity will not revert to its cost of capital. Accounting Analysis: The accounting method of McDonald’s is in compliance with GAAP and its financial statements are easily comparable to other firms with similar accounting policies. From McDonald’s financial statements, the key accounting policies include consolidation, revenue recognition, advertising costs, property and equipment, goodwill, and long-lived assets. The consolidated financial statements include company and subsidiaries, and the consolidation is under equity method. A significant part of McDonald’s operating income is generated outside the U.   S, and foreign currency earned by subsidiary is translated to US dollars. McDonald’s revenue recognition consists of sales by Company-operated restaurants and fees from franchised restaurants. The revenue from Company-operated restaurants is recognized on a cash basis. Advertising costs are included in operating expenses and increased steadily from 2010 to 2012. Property and equipment accounts for a large amount in total asset and are depreciated over straight-line basis. McDonalds goodwill primarily results from purchases of restaurants from franchisees and ownership increases in subsidiaries or affiliates. Impairment tests are conducted for long-lived asset (include goodwill) every year. 6 Generally speaking, McDonald’s accounting methods reflect the firm’s business reality fairly. However, there is still some degree of accounting flexibility in McDonald’s accounting methods. First of all, property and equipment are depreciated or amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful life. Property and equipment is McDonald’s largest asset (24,677. 2 million out of total asset 35,386. 5 million for 2012), and McDonald’s could vastly overstate or understate income by using a different depreciation method. Secondly, the impairment practices of long-lived asset also have some flexibility. The amount of goodwill (2804 million for 2012) is substantial. Sometimes the goodwill will become impaired, and the impairment tests McDonald’s adopts will be very important. The company’s depreciation methods and goodwill impairment tests are very important in its financial statements for the numbers are so substantial. Thirdly, McDonald’s also has a lot of flexibility in terms of accounting estimates. McDonald’s adopts GAAP, which requires management to make various assumptions and estimates in different situations. Since estimation usually involves experience and judgment, the accounting methods could lead to some degrees of difference of estimated numbers and actual results. 7 To sum up, McDonald’s adopts accounting methods that are typical of the fast food service industry. The disclosure explains the accounting choices and estimates in detail, and the footnotes are very understandable. We do not find any skeptical information that was not reasonably explained in McDonald’s disclosures so it is not necessary to undo any distortions or restate the financial statements. There was no reason to undo any accounting distortions because we did not find any skeptical information that was not explained in their disclosures. Industry Analysis:There are about 200,000 restaurants in the fast-food industry. Generally speaking, this industry is highly labor-intensive and very fragmented. The top 50 fast food companies account for 25% of total sales. Quick-service restaurants operate through different channels such as national and regional chains, franchises, and independent operators. Besides, most quick-service restaurants use a point of sale system to take orders from drive-thru and registers. Due to the sluggish economic recovery, customers have been cautious about eating at restaurants. To attract more consumers, McDonald’s has to compete with other restaurants through the food quality, variety and customer service. Even though most fast-food restaurants specialize in a few main dishes, they still have to provide customers with a vast variety of products and healthier options to better build their brand images. In the meantime, the fast food industry needs to be convenient and fast to accommodate the fast pace of American lifestyles. 8 Five Forces Analysis: 1. Rivalry among Firms: As one of the leading companies in the industry, McDonald’s has a lot of competitors such as Wendy’s International, Burger King, Yum Brands Inc. , and Harvey’s. The competition in the quick service food quick-service restaurant is very intense. Even under economic recessions, the market will not shrink as much as other high end restaurants so the fast food industry is growing rapidly. 2. Threat of New Entrants: The threat of new entrants in the fast food industry is high because the barrier to create a quick service restaurant is low. In addition, franchise options make it easier to enter the market. The accessible distributions are essential among all companies in the industry, but they are not difficult for new entrants to attain. 3. Threat of Substitute Products: Firms among the fast food industry are competition with similar products such as hamburgers, French fries and chicken wings so the threat of substitute products is relatively high. The industry has tried various product differentiation strategies to make their products stand out in the market. For example, McDonald’ has its classic Big Mac, Chicken Nuggets and Happy Meal to differentiate its brand from other fast food restaurants. Bargaining Power of Customers:Since the switching cost for customers is nearly zero, the firms in the fast food industry have to conform to the society’s needs to retain consumers. For instance, McDonald’s is focusing more on the healthier menu choice to conform to the changing tastes of society. 5. Bargaining Power of Suppliers: The switching cost for fast food restaurants to change suppliers is very low. There are thousands of suppliers in the market for firms to choose from. McDonald’s has a huge bargaining power because it can make up a large portion of the supplier’s revenue. The barging power of suppliers is very limited. Financial Analysis: McDonald’s has been increasing their revenue and income, however there net profit percentage has been decreasing from 21% in 2010 to 19. 8% in 2012, which shows there expenses are increasing as well. Attached exhibit 1 has all of the numbers and ratios in more detail. Although, the net profit percentage has decreased it is still well above the S P’s average of 8. 9%. Their large profit percentage can be contributed to the strong relationships with suppliers, by buying products at a lower cost since the quantity is so large. Over the past five years for McDonald’s they have been issuing a high dividend that started off in 2008 at $1. 63 and in 2012 is at $2. 87, showing that they are a mature company. It is reasonable to assume that people would invest in McDonald’s based off of a dividend of this caliber. 9 The strength of McDonald’s compared to the S P average is strong, as seen with sales of $27,567 million to the S P average of $19,937. McDonald’s has high earnings per share at $5. 36 with the average at $3. 19, the different is contributed to the high net profit McDonald’s has. Additionally, the beta for McDonald’s is low at 0. 38 with the S P average of 1. 18. This is reasonable considering the industry and brand of the company because they have strong clientele and the food service industry is a need for customers. They have not been successful in all areas of operation. For example, McDonald’s main competitor is Yum! Brands, Inc. who operates franchise, such as KFC and Taco Bell. They have exceeded McDonald’s market share in China. However, Yum! does have a higher beta at 0. 78 compared to McDonald’s of 0. 38, which results in more risk for the company10. The other competitors for McDonald’s are Wendy’s and Burger King, which still are not comparable in size, as seen in exhibit 3. Wendy’s had sales of $2,505 in 2012 and Burger King had sales of $1,966 in 2012, this shows how much of a larger corporation McDonald’s is in volume. 11 Wendy’s has an extremely high PE ratio of 430. 5, which is attributed to a low EPS of $0. 02. 12 Lastly with regards to McDonald’s financial statements it is important to note their statement of cash flow. As seen in exhibit 4, they have positive operating cash flow, which means they are self-financed. This has remained consistent throughout the past three years with the most significant changes in their liabilities. They have increased their investing activity from ($3,167,300) in 2012 to ($2,570,900) in 2011. This is associated to the large renovations and new technology that McDonald’s has been implementing in their stores. Also, in the financing section they have continued to be paying a large dividend. Forecasting:We based our forecasts on two principle models; the eVal DataMaker by Lundholm and Sloan, exhibit 5 13 and three condensed models based on those described by Palepu and Healy in â€Å"Business Analysis Valuation† exhibit 6.14 The first condensed model used FY 2012 as a starting point; the second one adjusted for recent trends and the third model used average performance rates from 200 8 to 2012. Data was collected from Morningstar. com and occasionally from McDonald’s financial statements. Several assumptions were made for the expanded forecast, as shown in exhibit 7. The most important being the steady 2-3% annual growth in sales and the flat continuation of the CGS and effective tax growth rates. This ensured a very small but steady growth pattern on the Income Statement. On the Balance Sheet, working capital is assumed to continue growing at the same rate through 2016 and finally the dividend payout ratio is expected to decrease annually. Similarly modest assumptions were made to the three condensed models with the exception of the model based on trends. Past and current trends were more important for the forecasts than comparisons with other firms. While Burger King, Wendy’s, and Yum brands are all competitors, they have significantly different business models. McDonalds is a much larger firm, it has a greater international presence and it also invests heavily in real estate. Positive trends affecting the company include; the company’s shift towards healthier foods which should help expand the product line and attract new consumers, and its advances in technology. McDonalds is currently in the test phase for outsourcing drive-thru’s, which should accelerate service and reduce mistakes. The company is also looking to create remote call centers for customer service. 15 Potential negative trends include; international economic stagnation, an increase in local competitors, and negative publicity towards the fast-food industry. In the U. S. , McDonalds has also faced recent backlash for opposing minimum wage increases. The SP analysts also predict moderate growth for McDonalds but are slightly more optimistic for 2013 and 2014. They estimate total revenues will increase 2. 4% in 2013 but 5. 1% in 2014. Similarly, they predict growth in the U. S. will be affected by rising employment payrolls. They felt stagnation would not be global but limited to China and other Asian markets. There was also concern for rising food costs and fluctuating international currency rates, which would negatively impact McDonald’s international sales. 16 Other analysts predict 2013 revenue increases of 3. 7%17 and 2. 8%18 and 2014 increases of 7% and 5.3%. Overall, the key strategic drivers are business line expansions and macroeconomic trends and the most important changing metric is future sales. The forecasts and â€Å"hold† stock recommendations suggest McDonalds should consider adjusting its’ business strategy. As a company that has the ability to expand/contract rapidly and as a company that inv ests heavily in real estate, one suggestion might be to focus on building in developing economies. These areas would have rapidly appreciating real estate, access to a relatively cheap workforce, and social environments that might be more amenable to fast food. In countries, which have embraced health food trends, McDonalds could look at partnering with local farms and use its large economies of scale to offer cheaper local, healthy product options. Valuation: Based on the opinion of SP, the fair value of McDonald’s is $88. 40. In that way, McDonald’s is slightly overvalued by $8. 97 or 9. 2%. In order to better evaluate the McDonald’s, we use two different valuation models to come up with the value: Discounted Cash Flow and Residual Income Valuation Model. Discounted Cash Flow: The discounted free cash flows model uses WACC to figure out the value. Our WACC for McDonald’s is 0. 07. The sensitivity analysis indicates that if the growth rate of WACC is changed, the estimate of the price will also change substantially. Under the DCF model, McDonald’s is valued at $69. 2, which indicates that the company is overvalued. Residual Income Valuation Model: The residual income value model sums up the current book value, forecasted residual income for the next 10 years, and the present value of residual income for next 10 years. The present value of the firm was calculated by using our forecasted earnings and dividends. According to the residual income model, McDonald’s is valued at $66. 11 so it is overvalued.

Whos to blame media or parents essays

Whos to blame media or parents essays What has the world come to these days? It often seems like everywhere we look, violence rears its ugly head. We see it in the streets, back alleys, schools, and even at home. In the light of the Littleton, Colorado Columbine High shootings, the debate has grown over how media influences children and adolescents. There are many statistics that undeniably support the theory that media causes violence in young children. The entertainment industry insists that their publications(including TV, magazines, Internet, etc.) are legal, guaranteed under the First Amendment. So, who takes responsibility for the crimes committed by juveniles. Is it the entertainment industry (for displaying conscious violence), the government (for lack of regulation), or the parents (for lack of control?). This paper will explore each in an unbiased view. America, the nation with the highest homicide rate in the developed world, has seen violence soar to epidemic levels over the past several decades. During this time there has been passionate and ongoing debate about whether there is a causal relationship between media violence and aggression in society. Contrary to some claims, the medical, public health, and scientific communities are in agreement that such a relationship exists. Extensive reviews of more than forty years of scientific studies have led researchers to conclude that the media significantly contributes to the aggressive behavior and attitudes of children, adolescents and adults. (Donnerstein, 1993) In fact, the 1982 National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) reports, supporting the Surgeon General's landmark 1972 conclusions, stated that, "In magnitude television violence is as strongly correlated with aggressive behavior as any other behavioral variable that has been measured." (National, 1982) In 1985, the APA endorsed the Surgeon General and NIMH conclusions that televised violence has a causal effect on aggressive behavior. The A...

Stratigic Plan for Public Health Organization Coursework

Stratigic Plan for Public Health Organization - Coursework Example STRATEGIC PLAN FOR LAKE COUNTY HEALTH DEPARTMENT Our Vision: Our vision is to promote and protect the health of Waukegan Illinois through assessment, policy development, and assurance. Our Mission statement: The mission of the Lake County Health Department is to promote and protect the health of Illinois residents through networking and collaborative actions that raise public awareness, build a constituency, and influences legislation and policies concerning public health issues affecting northern Illinois.   Our Values: We believe that services must be available without barriers. No resident should be turned away due to an inability to pay. We also believe in providing services in an environment of mutual respect, free of discrimination or any bias (Lakecountyil.gov, 2013). Our core competencies a) This department came into existence in 1956, established by referendum. Back then, it had a small bunch of people. However, today it boasts of over one-thousand professional assisting i n all aspects of health, with an approximate working budget of seventy-million US dollars. b) Of all the human service providers under the Lake County, we are the biggest, with a twelve member Health Board governing this department. c) Nationwide, we rank among the top six of all two-thousand, eight hundred and sixty four health departments at the local level. d) We are members under the Northern Illinois Public Health Consortium, an organization that serves the Chicago city and the Winnebago, Mchenry, Kendall, Lake, Kane, Cook, Dupage, and Will counties in terms of complex health matters. The Environmental Scan. An environmental scan is the systematic way of finding out and interpreting the external environment to know the trends and factors of change, and their likely impacts on an organization in the future. Economic aspects Increase or entry of new security risks will affect the ability to respond to emergencies. This will affect this department in that we may not respond to eme rgencies resulting from crime and health risks as we lack the training of responding to security risks. Global economic transformation on Health care due to advance in competition may find workers not adequately prepared for new work processes. Impacts of globalization of Health care owing to economic integration and liberalization of trade globally will mean that workers have to deal with more potentially dangerous diseases. Social/ demographic aspects High risk groups such as foreign workers, older and new workers will affect the workplace. This is because language and cultural barriers, lack of training as well as the work organization mean a possibility in increase of injuries or work blunders. The raising of the educational and general worker bar in qualifying as a health worker means injury rates will reduce because of better training and more workers that are competent. Aging of the American population will affect the workforce in that chronic injuries and illnesses may incre ase. In addition, older workers take longer to recover from such. Legal/ policy aspects Increase in the enforcement of health and safety regulations by the government means pushing towards greater compliance that will help in better competence and more output. Smoking ban in workplaces and public spaces means workers will no longer get exposure to